Pendidikan Etika Reka Bentuk dalam program industri kreatif di institusi pengajian tinggi Malaysia [Design Ethics Education for creative industries programmes in Malaysian higher education institutions]

Abstract

Nowadays, the creative industry is rapidly developing with various technologies and creativity moving forward. However, problems and issues involving ethical aspects are still often seen on social media, television and print media, it clearly shows the lack of values and ethical aspects of the individual in the production of designs. Therefore, this study is conducted to propose the guidelines on ethical education design for creative industry programs in the institutions of higher learning. The objective of this study is to evaluate students' behavior towards design ethics among students of higher education institutions, evaluate teaching practices implemented by educators of higher education institutions as well as to assess challenges related to design ethics faced by creative industry professionals in submitting proposal regarding ethical education guidelines for creative industry programs. This study uses quantitative method which is the survey method in which questionnaires are distributed to respondents. For the sampling of studies, which is stratified sampling that refers to individual specific characteristic features in terms of his/her involvement in the creative industry. The numbers of respondents were 164 for the students, 108 respondents for the teaching staff and 89 respondents were from creative industry professionals. The findings of this study that are based on the mean value and standard deviation from the data collected through the survey study, show that students' behavior on ethical aspects is an important aspect of design ethics. Meanwhile, for the lecturers, the teaching practices implemented show that ethical aspects are a crucial element in the teaching sessions. Next, for the creative industry professionals, ethical aspects are considered as an important element in facing the challenges regarding design ethics. This is explained through the findings of students, lecturers and creative industry professionals through high recorded mean value. Therefore, it is clear that ethical aspects are a vital element to these three groups. Thus, a guideline on ethical education design for creative industry programs in institutions of higher learning is produced through the findings. Hence, this study provides a module on design ethics education that can be practiced in creative industry programs in Institutions of Higher Learning in Malaysia.

[Pada masa kini, industri kreatif semakin pesat membangun dengan pelbagai teknologi serta kreativiti yang semakin hari semakin maju ke hadapan, tetapi permasalahan serta isu yang membabitkan terhadap aspek etika masih lagi seringkali dilihat di media sosial, televisyen dan media cetak, ianya jelas menunjukkan kekurangan nilai – nilai dan aspek etika terhadap individu tersebut di dalam penghasilan reka bentuk. Maka, kajian ini dijalankan bagi mengemukakan  cadangan garis panduan pendidikan etika reka bentuk bagi program industri kreatif di institusi pengajian tinggi. Objektif  kajian ini ialah untuk menilai perilaku pelajar terhadap etika reka bentuk dalam kalangan pelajar institusi pengajian tinggi, menilai amalan pengajaran yang dilaksanakan oleh pendidik institusi pengajian tinggi serta menilai cabaran yang berkaitan dengan etika reka bentuk yang dihadapi oleh professional industri kreatif bagi mengemukakan cadangan garis panduan pendidikan etika reka bentuk untuk program industri kreatif. Kajian ini menggunakan kaedah kuantitatif iaitu kaedah tinjauan. Borang soal selidik diagihkan kepada para responden. Persampelan kajian, iaitu persampelan berstrata yang merujuk kepada ciri – ciri spefisifik individu dari segi penglibatan dalam bidang industri kreatif. Bilangan responden pula merupakan sebanyak, 164 bagi golongan pelajar, 108 responden bagi golongan tenaga pengajar dan seterusnya bagi profesional industri kreatif pula ialah sebanyak 89 responden. Hasil dapatan kajian ini berdasarkan nilai min dan sisihan piawai daripada data yang dikumpul menerusi kajian tinjauan, ianya menunjukkan bahawa perilaku pelajar mengenai aspek etika adalah merupakan aspek penting terhadap etika reka bentuk. Manakala pensyarah pula, amalan pengajaran yang dilaksanakan menunjukkan aspek etika adalah merupakan elemen yang penting di dalam sesi pengajaran yang dijalankan. Seterusnya, professional industri kreatif, aspek etika adalah merupakan elemen yang penting bagi menangani cabaran yang berkaitan etika reka bentuk yang dihadapi. Ianya dijelaskan melalui hasil dapatan kajian responden pelajar, pensyarah dan profesional industri kreatif melalui catatan bacaan nilai min tinggi dan sangat tinggi pada hasil dapatan kajian ini. Jelas menunjukkan bahawa aspek etika adalah merupakan elemen penting kepada ketiga – tiga golongan ini. Maka, satu garis panduan pendidikan etika reka bentuk untuk program industri kreatif di institusi pengajian tinggi telah dihasilkan menerusi dapatan kajian. Justeru itu, kajian ini dapat memberikan satu modul pendidikan etika reka bentuk yang dapat dipraktikan dalam program industri kreatif di Institusi Pengajian Tinggi di Malaysia.]