Development and validation of religiosity and practice in education by using confirmatory factor analysis

Authors

  • Mohd Nazrul Azizi Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling, Faculty of Education, University of Malaya, Malaysia
  • Zahari Ishak Department of Educational Psychology and Counseling, Faculty of Education, University of Malaya, Malaysia
  • Firdaus Hilmi Business School, University of Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Keywords:

University Student, Leadership, Religiosity

Abstract

There is an imbalance of religiosity when developing leadership among university students. This research examined the effect of religiosity on the trend of leadership among students. The study used stratified random sampling to select 292 students. The sample age ranged between 19-25 years. Three instruments were used Centrality of Religiosity Scale. The data analysis involved was the Structural Equation Model, SPSS AMOS-26. The results indicated that religiosity contributed significantly to the prediction of leadership attitude. The results corroborated the findings shows that religiosity correlated with leadership education and that it explained some of the leading education. Based on the findings, it was suggested that universities should endeavour to teach rudiments of religiosity model to the students to improve attitudes of leadership, and university counsellors and psychologists should develop programmes to foster emotional intelligence and religiosity.

References

Sindhvad, S., Richardson, J., Ivanov, A., & Lingat, J. E. M. (2020, February). Predictors of public school leadership capacity in Bishkek. In FIRE: Forum for International Research in Education, 6(2), 24-44.

Huber, S., & Huber, O. (2012). The Centrality of Religiosity Scale (CRS). Religions, 3(1), 710-724.

Rabinowitz, Y., Hartlaub, M., Saenz, E., Thompson, L., & Gallagher-Thompson, D. (2010). Is religious coping associated with cumulative health risk?. An examination of religious coping styles and health behavior patterns in Alzheimer's dementia caregivers. Journal of Religion and Health, 49(4), 498-512.

Batool, A., & College, L. (2021). A Study of Religious Education and Ethical Behavior of University Students. 20(4), 944–950.

Wilkes, R. E., Burnett, J. J. & Howell, R. D. (1986). On the meaning and measurement of religiosity in consumer research. JAMS, 14, 47-56.

Abbasi, S. B., Kazmi, F., Wilson, N., & Khan, F. (2019). Centrality of Religiosity Scale (CRS) confirmatory factor analysis. Sociology International Journal, 3(4), 319-324.

Huber, S., Allemand, M., & Huber, O. W. (2011). Forgiveness by God and human forgivingness: The centrality of the religiosity makes the difference. Archive for the Psychology of Religion, 33(1), 115-134.

Friedrich-Killinger, S. (2020). Centrality of religiosity as a resource for therapy outcome?.

Religions, 11(4), 155.

Raza, H., Yousaf, A., & Rasheed, R. (2016). Religiosity in relation with psychological distress and mental wellbeing among Muslims. International Journal of Research Studies in Psychology, 5(2), 65-74.

Tarakeshwar, N., & Pargament, K. I. (2001). Religious coping in families of children with autism. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 16(4), 247–260. https://doi.org/10.1177/108835760101600408.

Weber, M. (1920/1993). Sociology of Religion. Beacon Press.

Rothman, A., & Coyle, A. (2020). Conceptualizing an Islamic psychotherapy: A grounded theory study. Spirituality in Clinical Practice, 7(3), 197–213. https://doi.org/10.1037/scp0000219

Resty, N. N. H. (2018). Pengaruh religiusitas dan gender terhadap penilaian etis (ethical judgement) mahasiswa akuntansi Minangkabau. Jurnal EcoGen.1(4), 858-869.

Helmy, H. (2018). The influence of ethical orientation, gender, and religiosity on Ethical judgment accounting students. Advances in Economics, Business and Management Research, 57, 50-56.

Zwingmann, C., & Gottschling, S. (2015). Religiosity, spirituality, and God concepts: Interreligious and interdenominational comparisons within a German sample. Archive for the Psychology of Religion, 37(1), 98-116.

Yendell, A., & Huber, S. (2020). The relevance of the centrality and content of religiosity for explaining Islamophobia in Switzerland. Religions, 11(3), 129.

Adams, D. (n.d.). Mastering Theories Educational Leadership.

Smudde, P. M. (2021). Internal public relations’ role with workplace, spirituality, and religion. Public Relations Review, 47(5), 102121. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pubrev.2021.102121.

Darto, M., Setyadi, D., Riadi, S. S., & Hariyadi, S. (2015). The Effect of Transformational Leadership, Religiosity, Job Satisfaction, and Organizational Culture on Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Employee Performance in the Regional Offices of National Institute of Public Administration, Republic of Indonesia. European Journal of Business and Management, 7, 205-219.

Ancok, J., Suroso, and Nashori, F. 2005. Islamic Psychology: Islamic Solution of the Problems of Psychology. Yogyakarta: Pustaka Pelajar.

Glock, C., & Strak, R. 1965. Religious and Society in Tension. Chicago: Rand Mc Nally.

Abdullah, A-L, Hamzah, A., Suandi, T., Mohd, S., Mastor, K. A., Juhari, R., Kassan, H., Mahmoud, A., & Manap, J. (2005). The Muslim Religiosity-Personality Measurement Inventory (MRPI)'s Religiosity Measurement Model: Towards Filling the Gaps in Religiosity Research on Muslims. Pertanika Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 13(2), 131-145.

Krok, D. (2014). Religiousness and social support as predictive factors for mental health outcomes. Archives of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, 4(16), 65-76.

Yeniaras, V., & Akarsu, T. N. (2017). Religiosity and life satisfaction: A multi-dimensional approach. Journal of Happiness Studies, 18(6), 1815-1840.

Pearce, L. D., Hayward, G. M., & Pearlman, J. A. (2017). Measuring five dimensions of religiosity across adolescence. Review of Religious Research, 59, 367-393.

Lee, J. C. K., & Kuang, X. (2020). Validation of the Chinese version of the centrality of religiosity scale (CRS): Teacher perspectives. Religions, 11(5), 266.

Gheorghe, H. (2019). The psychometric properties of a Romanian Version of the Centrality of Religiosity Scale (CRS 15). Religions, 10(1), 11.

Mochon, D., Norton, M. I., & Ariely, D. (2011). Who benefits from religion?. Social Indicators Research, 101(1), 1-15.

Adeyemo, D. A., & Adeleye, A. T. (2008). Emotional intelligence, religiosity and self- efficacy as predictors of psychological well-being among secondary school adolescents in Ogbomoso, Nigeria. Europe’s Journal of Psychology, 4(1).

Tissaa, T. C. (2019). Faith and Emotional Intelligence. International Journal of Recent Technology and Engineering (IJRTE), 7(5S), 5-7.

Rodrigues, A. P., Jorge, F. E., Pires, C. A., & António, P. (2019). The contribution of emotional intelligence and spirituality in understanding creativity and entrepreneurial intention of higher education students. Education+ Training, 61(7/8), 870-894.

Sembiring, N., Nimran, U., Astuti, E. S., & Utami, H. N. (2020). The effects of emotional intelligence and organizational justice on job satisfaction, caring climate, and criminal investigation officers’ performance. International Journal of Organizational Analysis, 28(5), 1113-1130.

Anderson, T. (2004). Toward a theory of online learning. In T. Anderson (Ed.), Theory and practice of online learning (pp. 45-74). Athabasca University.

Birwatkar, V. P. (2014). Teaching metamorphosis – the role of emotional intelligence in transforming education. Journal of Management Policies and Practices, 2(2), 145-165.

Kashif, M., Awang, Z., Walsh, J., & Altaf, U. (2015). I’m loving it but hating US. British Food Journal, 117(9), 2344–2360. https://doi.org/10.1108/bfj-01-2015-0040

Kashif, M., Zakiah Melatu Samsi, S., Awang, Z., & Mohamad, M. (2016). EXQ: Measurement of healthcare experience quality in Malaysian settings. International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Marketing, 10(1), 27–47. https://doi.org/10.1108/ijphm-03-2015-0011.

Noor, N. M., Aziz, A. A., Mostapa, M. R., & Awang, Z. (2015). Validation of the Malay version of the Inventory of Functional Status After Childbirth Questionnaire. BioMed Research International, 2015, 1–10. https://doi.org/10.1155/2015/972728.

Yusof, Y., Jusoff, K., Ibrahim, Y., & Awang, Z. (2017). The influence of green practices by non-green hotels on customer satisfaction and loyalty in hotel and Tourism Industry. International Journal of Green Economics, 11(1), 1. https://doi.org/10.1504/ijge.2017.10003675.

Aziz, M. I., Afthanorhan, A., & Awang, Z. (2016). Talent development model for a career in Islamic banking institutions: A sem approach. Cogent Business & Management, 3(1), 1186259. https://doi.org/10.1080/23311975.2016.1186259.

Mohamad, M., Mohammad, M., Ali, N. A. M., & Awang, Z. (2016). Measuring Positive Youth Development: The Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). IJABER, 14, 9441-9451.

Mohamad, M., Awang, Z., Ali, N.A.M. (2017). Validating the Maqasid Shariah Prison Quality of Life (MSPQoL) among drug-abuse inmates using confirmatory factor analysis. International Journal of Applied Business and Economic Research. Vol. 15, No. 24, 91- 103.

Mohamad, M., Ali, N.A.M., and Awang, Z. (2018). The impact of life satisfaction on substance abuse: delinquency as a mediator. International Journal of Adolescence and Youth, 23(1), 25- 35.

Mohamad, M., Afthanorhan, A., Awang, Z., & Mohammad, M. (2019). Comparison between CB-SEM and PLS-SEM: Testing and Confirming the Maqasid Syariah Quality of Life Measurement Model. The Journal of Social Sciences Research, 5(3), 608-614

Sarwar, H., Ishaq, M. I., Amin, A., & Ahmed, R. (2020). Ethical leadership, work engagement, employees’ well-being, and performance: A cross-cultural comparison. Journal of Sustainable Tourism, 28(12), 2008–2026. https://doi.org/10.1080/09669582.2020.1788039

De Lazzari, S. A. (2000). Emotional intelligence, meaning and psychological well being: A comparison between early and late adolescence (Master’s thesis). Trinity Western University.

Mayer, J. D., Salovey, P., & Caruso, D. (2000). Models of emotional intelligence. In R. J. Sternberg (Ed.), Handbook of intelligence (pp. 396–420). New York, NY, US: Cambridge University Press.

Kim, S. (2019). Development and validation of a scale for christian character assessment for young children. Religions, 10(5), 318.

Published

2022-03-04
Statistics
Abstract Display: 262
PDF Downloads: 269

Issue

Section

Original Articles

How to Cite

Azizi, M. N. ., Ishak, Z. ., & Hilmi, F. . (2022). Development and validation of religiosity and practice in education by using confirmatory factor analysis. Muallim Journal of Social Sciences and Humanities, 6(2), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.33306/mjssh/187